WHAT CAUSES CANCER PAIN?
There are many causes of cancer pain, but often cancer pain occurs when a tumor presses on nerves or body organs or when cancer cells invade bones or body organs. Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery also may cause pain.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF CANCER PAIN?
The symptoms of cancer pain vary from person to person. The amount of pain may depend on the type of cancer, the stage or extent of the disease, and the person’s pain threshold (tolerance for pain). Pain can range from mild and occasional to severe and constant.
WHAT MEDICINES ARE USED TO TREAT CANCER PAIN?
MILD TO MODERATE PAIN
Pain relievers: Acetaminophen (Anacin, Mapap, Panadol, Tylenol) and a group of pain relievers called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can treat mild to moderate pain. Many of these are over-the-counter drugs that do not require a prescription, but some do require a prescription. Patients should check with a doctor before using these medicines, especially if they are getting chemotherapy. NSAIDs can interfere with blood clotting, cause gastrointestinal problems and may lead to increased risk of heart attack or stroke.
MODERATE TO SEVERE PAIN
Narcotic pain relievers: Narcotic pain relievers require a prescription and may be used along with mild pain relievers for moderate to severe pain.
TINGLING AND BURNING PAIN
Antidepressants: Certain antidepressants are used to relieve pain even if the person isn’t depressed. Amitriptyline and nortriptyline (Pamelor) are antidepressants sometimes used to treat pain.
Anticonvulsants (anti-seizure medications): Despite the name, anticonvulsants like gabapentin (Fanatrex, Gralise, Neurontin) and carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Equetro,Tegretol) are used not only for seizures, but also to control burning and tingling pain, painful symptoms of nerve damage.